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Note: Masters level course, open for incomings in 5th or higher semester Important: Participation in the first session is mandatory. We aim for a balanced distribution of students from different programmes.

After completion of this seminar, students are able to • understand the interdependency of urban development and transport planning, • describe theoretical underpinnings of Transit-Oriented Development, • and apply them to a case study from the Munich area.

Public passenger transport is an essential element of sustainable urban and regional development. "Urban" means a concentration and mix of different functions in space. The triumph of the automobile since the 1950s made it possible to extend built-up space to the detriment of urbanity and density. The consequences today are long commute distances, high infrastructure costs, unpleasant public spaces and an increasing burden on the environment in metropolitan regions. Public transport makes a significant contribution to reversing this development. However, efficient public transport requires a compact urban form. Vice versa, a densified urban district requires well-functioning public transport. Urban development following this pattern is called Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) or integrated urban and transport planning. Analytically, TOD can be understood using Bertolini's (1999) Node-Place model. The assumption is that a balanced development of an area means that at each public transport station the accessibility by public transport and the urban functional density should match. The higher the accessibility of a public transport station, the denser the surrounding district should be (in terms of both built density and functions). Hence, transit-oriented development entails environmental, social, economic, and urban design advantages. Often the extension of transport infrastructure enables the development of new urban areas. However, the improvement of the quality of the existing network through the addition of missing connections and transfer options can be of even greater importance. These can contribute to a redistribution of travel routes and the emergence of tangential pathways that can relieve monocentrically-organised public transport systems. The redistribution of accessibility within the system in turn can create new opportunities for re-densification. In this seminar we look at each semester a selected case study from the Munich area, for which the development of public transport new opportunities for urban development arise.

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The course is made up of three formats: seminars, guest lectures, and a full-day charrette. In the seminar, basic concepts are conveyed and the task is introduced. The three guest lectures and the final discussion convey exemplaric approaches from practice. In the charrette, students apply contents of the seminar through the development of an individual urban design solution. In the course of the seminar, students should devise a strategic design to develop the case study area. The work is structured in three phases: 1. Analysis of the case study area, considering transport linkages on multiple spatial scales, spatio-functional properties and urban qualities, 2. Charrette with the aim of a strategic development concept, including a. mobility linkages, also considering pedestrians and cyclists, b. measures in the built environment and functional arrangement, c. propositions for use and design of public spaces, 3. Documentation of results of analysis and charrette.

All work is done in groups. 1. The analysis is presented in a 10-minute slide show per group. 2. The charrette consists of: a. a model is to be produced. The base plate is provided, further material must be brought individually. The preparation time is 6 hours (10am-4pm). b. Results are to be presented from 4 pm in a 10-minute presentation. 3. Results from the analysis and the short draft are to be documented in a 15-minute final presentation in which screen presentation and model can be used. The aim is to invite guest critics from the city and MVG to interim and final presentations.

• Bertolini, Luca (1999): Spatial Development Patterns and Public Transport: The Application of an Analytical Model in the Netherlands. In: Planning Practice & Research, 14 (2), 199-210. • Curtis, Carey (2016): Planning for Public Transport Accessibility. Routledge, Burlington, VT: Ashgate. • Follmer, Robert und Janina Belz (2018): MiD Kurzreport - Stadt München, Münchner Umland und MVV-Verbundraum. Studie von infas, DLR, IVT und infas 360 im Auftrag des Bundesministers für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur. Serie: Mobilität in Deutschland, FE-Nr.70.904/15, BMVI - Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur (Hrsg.). Bonn: BMVI, infas, DLR, IVT und infas 360. • Geurs, Karst und Bert van Wee (2004): Accessibility evaluation of land-use and transport strategies: review and research directions. In: Journal of Transport Geography 12, 127-140. • Newman, Peter W. G. und Jeffrey R. Kenworthy (1989): Gasoline Consumption and Cities. In: Journal of the American Planning Association 55(1), 24-37. • Thierstein, Alain; Wulfhorst, Gebhard; Bentlage, Michael; Klug, Stefan; Gilliard, Lukas; Ji, Chenyi, Kinigadner, Julia; Steiner, Helene; Sterzer, Lena; Wenner, Fabian (2016): WAM Wohnen Arbeiten Mobilität. Veränderungsdynamiken und Entwicklungsoptionen für die Metropolregion München. Lehrstuhl für Raumentwicklung und Fachgebiet für Siedlungsstruktur und Verkehrsplanung der Technischen Universität München. • Wenner, Fabian; Dang, Khoi Anh; Hölzl, Melina; Pedrazzoli, Alessandro; Schmidkunz, Magdalena; Wang, Jiaqi; Thierstein, Alain (2020): Regional Urbanisation through Accessibility? — The “Zweite Stammstrecke” Express Rail Project in Munich. Urban Science 4 (1), 2020, 1-24.